Significant events have included Elizabeth's coronation in 1953 and the celebrations of her Silver, Golden, Diamond and Platinum jubilees in 1977, 2002, 2012, and 2022, respectively. Her many historic visits and meetings include state visits to the People's Republic of China in 1986, the Russian Federation in 1994, the Republic of Ireland in 2011, and visits to or from five popes. The number of her realms has varied over time as territories have gained independence, and as some realms have become republics.

Elizabeth has reigned as a constitutional monarch through major political changes such as the Troubles in Northern Ireland, devolution in the United Kingdom, the decolonisation of Africa, and the United Kingdom's accession to the European Communities and withdrawal from the European Union. When her father died in February 1952, Elizabeth-then 25 years old-became queen regnant of seven independent Commonwealth countries: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Pakistan, and Ceylon, as well as Head of the Commonwealth. They had four children: Charles, Prince of Wales Anne, Princess Royal Prince Andrew, Duke of York and Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex. In November 1947, she married Philip Mountbatten, a former prince of Greece and Denmark, and their marriage lasted 73 years until Philip's death in 2021. She was educated privately at home and began to undertake public duties during the Second World War, serving in the Auxiliary Territorial Service. Her father acceded to the throne in 1936 upon the abdication of his brother, King EdwardВ VIII, making Elizabeth the heir presumptive. Д®lizabeth was born in Mayfair, London, as the first child of the Duke and Duchess of York (later King GeorgeВ VI and Queen Elizabeth).

Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary born 21 April 1926) is Queen of the United Kingdom and 14 other Commonwealth realms.

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